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服务器安全设置Centos7 防火墙firewall与iptables

  • admin
  • 2023-10-16
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以下是有关CentOS 7防火墙(firewall)和iptables的详细说明:

CentOS 7使用的默认防火墙是firewall,它是一种基于Netfilter的用户空间工具,用于管理Linux内核中的iptables规则。为了加强服务器的安全性,可以通过配置CentOS 7防火墙和iptables规则来保护服务器。

  1. 配置CentOS 7防火墙

CentOS 7防火墙使用了firewalld作为防火墙管理器,可以使用以下命令来控制防火墙:

启动防火墙:

systemctl start firewalld<span class="token punctuation">.</span>service

停止防火墙:

systemctl stop firewalld<span class="token punctuation">.</span>service

重启防火墙:

systemctl restart firewalld<span class="token punctuation">.</span>service

设置防火墙开机启动:

systemctl enable firewalld<span class="token punctuation">.</span>service

关闭防火墙开机启动:

systemctl disable firewalld<span class="token punctuation">.</span>service

查看防火墙状态:

systemctl status firewalld<span class="token punctuation">.</span>service

添加防火墙规则:

firewall<span class="token operator">-</span>cmd <span class="token operator">--</span>add<span class="token operator">-</span>port<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">80</span><span class="token operator">/</span>tcp <span class="token operator">--</span>permanent    #添加<span class="token number">80</span>端口的tcp协议规则
firewall<span class="token operator">-</span>cmd <span class="token operator">--</span>reload    #重载防火墙规则

查看已经添加的规则:

firewall<span class="token operator">-</span>cmd <span class="token operator">--</span>list<span class="token operator">-</span>all

  1. 配置iptables

iptables是Linux内核的一个包过滤系统,也是一种防火墙软件。在CentOS 7上安装iptables:

yum install iptables<span class="token operator">-</span>services <span class="token operator">-</span>y

启动iptables:

systemctl start iptables<span class="token punctuation">.</span>service

停止iptables:

systemctl stop iptables<span class="token punctuation">.</span>service

设置iptables开机启动:

systemctl enable iptables<span class="token punctuation">.</span>service

关闭iptables开机启动:

systemctl disable iptables<span class="token punctuation">.</span>service

查看iptables状态:

systemctl status iptables<span class="token punctuation">.</span>service

添加iptables规则:

iptables <span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token constant">I</span> <span class="token constant">INPUT</span> <span class="token operator">-</span>p tcp <span class="token operator">--</span>dport <span class="token number">80</span> <span class="token operator">-</span>j <span class="token constant">ACCEPT</span>    #添加<span class="token number">80</span>端口的tcp协议规则
service iptables save    #保存iptables规则
service iptables restart    #重启iptables服务

查看iptables规则:

iptables <span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token constant">L</span>

以上是关于CentOS 7防火墙和iptables的基本配置。需要根据实际情况进行定制化配置,以满足服务器安全性的要求。

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